Space Time Formula:
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Definition: Space time is the time required to process one reactor volume of feed at specified conditions for a second-order reaction in a mixed flow reactor.
Purpose: It helps chemical engineers determine the residence time needed to achieve a certain conversion in a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR).
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula calculates the residence time needed to achieve a specific conversion for a second-order reaction in a CSTR.
Details: Proper space time calculation ensures optimal reactor design, efficient conversion rates, and cost-effective chemical processes.
Tips: Enter the reactant conversion (between 0 and 1), rate constant (must be > 0), and initial concentration (must be > 0). The calculator will compute the required space time.
Q1: What is a typical range for second-order rate constants?
A: Second-order rate constants vary widely but typically range from 10⁻⁶ to 10³ m³/mol·s depending on the reaction.
Q2: Why does the conversion need to be less than 1?
A: The formula becomes undefined at 100% conversion (X=1) due to division by zero in the denominator.
Q3: How does space time relate to reactor volume?
A: Space time is directly proportional to reactor volume for a given flow rate (τ = V/Q).
Q4: What's the difference between space time and residence time?
A: Space time is calculated from inlet conditions while residence time is the actual time fluid spends in the reactor.
Q5: Can this be used for first-order reactions?
A: No, this calculator is specifically for second-order reactions. First-order reactions use a different formula.