1. What is Space Time for Vessel i in Series Reactors?

Definition: This calculator determines the adjusted retention time (space time) for component 2 in vessel i of a series of mixed flow reactors of different sizes.

Purpose: It helps chemical engineers design and analyze reactor systems where multiple mixed flow reactors are connected in series.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( \tau_{C2}' \) — Adjusted retention time of component 2 (seconds)
• \( C_{i-1} \) — Reactant concentration in vessel i-1 (mol/m³)
• \( C_i \) — Reactant concentration in vessel i (mol/m³)
• \( r_i \) — Reaction rate for vessel i (mol/m³·s)

Explanation: The difference in concentrations between consecutive vessels divided by the reaction rate gives the space time needed for the reaction to occur.

3. Importance of Space Time Calculation

Details: Accurate space time calculation ensures proper reactor sizing, optimal reaction conditions, and efficient production rates in chemical processes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the reactant concentrations in consecutive vessels and the reaction rate for vessel i. All values must be positive, with reaction rate > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is space time in chemical reactors?
A: Space time is the time required to process one reactor volume of feed at specified conditions.

Q2: Why use multiple reactors in series?
A: Series configuration allows for different conditions in each reactor, potentially improving conversion and selectivity.

Q3: How does this differ from plug flow reactors?
A: Mixed flow reactors have uniform composition throughout, while plug flow reactors have concentration gradients along the length.

Q4: What if my reaction rate is negative?
A: Reaction rates are typically positive for reactant consumption. Negative values might indicate product formation rate.

Q5: How do I determine the reaction rate?
A: Reaction rates are determined experimentally or from kinetic studies of the specific reaction.