Substrate Concentration if Michaelis Constant is very Large than Substrate Concentration Calculator

Substrate Concentration Formula:

\[ S = \frac{V_0 \times K_M}{k_{cat} \times [E_0]} \]

Initial Reaction Rate (V₀):

mol/m³·s

Michaelis Constant (K_M):

mol/m³

Catalytic Rate Constant (k_cat):

s⁻¹

Initial Enzyme Concentration ([E₀]):

mol/m³

Substrate Concentration (mol/m³):

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What is Substrate Concentration when K_M ≫ S?

Definition: This calculator determines the substrate concentration when the Michaelis constant is much larger than the substrate concentration, using enzyme kinetics parameters.

Purpose: It helps biochemists and enzymologists understand reaction dynamics when substrate concentration is significantly lower than K_M.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ S = \frac{V_0 \times K_M}{k_{cat} \times [E_0]} \]

Where:

\( S \) — Substrate concentration (mol/m³)
\( V_0 \) — Initial reaction rate (mol/m³·s)
\( K_M \) — Michaelis constant (mol/m³)
\( k_{cat} \) — Catalytic rate constant (s⁻¹)
\( [E_0] \) — Initial enzyme concentration (mol/m³)

Explanation: When K_M ≫ S, the reaction follows first-order kinetics with respect to substrate.

3. Importance of This Calculation

Details: Understanding substrate concentration under these conditions is crucial for enzyme characterization, drug development, and metabolic pathway analysis.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all positive values for initial reaction rate, Michaelis constant, catalytic rate constant, and initial enzyme concentration.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: When is K_M ≫ S a valid assumption?
A: This applies when substrate concentration is less than 10% of K_M, common in early reaction stages or dilute conditions.

Q2: How do I measure V₀ experimentally?
A: Measure product formation or substrate disappearance in the first 5-10% of reaction progress.

Q3: What's a typical k_cat value?
A: k_cat ranges from 0.1 to 10⁶ s⁻¹ depending on the enzyme and reaction.

Q4: Why is enzyme concentration important?
A: [E₀] affects the maximum reaction rate (V_max = k_cat[E₀]).

Q5: Can I use different concentration units?
A: Yes, but all concentrations must use consistent units (e.g., all in mol/m³ or all in mM).