Temperature Formula for Linear Molecules:
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Definition: This calculator determines the temperature of a linear molecule system based on its internal molar energy and atomicity.
Purpose: It helps in thermodynamics calculations for linear molecular systems where internal energy and atomicity are known.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula accounts for degrees of freedom in linear molecules (3 translational, 2 rotational, and (3N-5) vibrational).
Details: Accurate temperature determination is crucial for understanding molecular behavior, reaction kinetics, and thermodynamic properties.
Tips: Enter the internal molar energy in J/mol and the atomicity (number of atoms in the molecule). Both values must be positive.
Q1: Why is the formula different for linear molecules?
A: Linear molecules have 2 rotational degrees of freedom (vs 3 for non-linear), affecting the energy distribution.
Q2: What's the range of atomicity values?
A: Atomicity must be ≥ 2 (diatomic or polyatomic molecules). Monatomic gases use different formulas.
Q3: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It provides theoretical values assuming ideal behavior. Real systems may vary due to intermolecular forces.
Q4: Can I use this for non-linear molecules?
A: No, non-linear molecules use T = U/(6N-6) × R/2 due to different degrees of freedom.
Q5: What are typical internal molar energy values?
A: For gases at room temperature, typically 1000-10000 J/mol, varying with molecular complexity.