Temperature Formula for Non-Linear Molecule:
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Definition: This calculator determines the temperature of a non-linear molecule based on its internal molar energy and atomicity.
Purpose: It helps in thermodynamics and statistical mechanics calculations for non-linear molecular systems.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula accounts for the degrees of freedom in a non-linear molecule (3 translational, 3 rotational, and 3N-6 vibrational).
Details: Accurate temperature determination is crucial for understanding molecular behavior, reaction kinetics, and thermodynamic properties.
Tips: Enter the internal molar energy in J/mol and atomicity (default 3 for most small molecules). All values must be > 0.
Q1: What is atomicity in this context?
A: Atomicity refers to the total number of atoms present in a molecule (e.g., 3 for H₂O, 5 for CH₄).
Q2: Why is the formula different for non-linear molecules?
A: Non-linear molecules have 3 rotational degrees of freedom (vs 2 for linear), affecting the energy distribution.
Q3: What's the range of validity for this formula?
A: It's valid for non-linear molecules in the classical regime (high temperature limit).
Q4: How do I find the internal molar energy?
A: It can be calculated from spectroscopic data or measured calorimetrically.
Q5: What about quantum effects at low temperatures?
A: This classical formula becomes less accurate at very low temperatures where quantum effects dominate.