1. What is the Thermodynamic Equilibrium Constant?

Definition: The thermodynamic equilibrium constant (K) relates to the ratio of product activities to reactant activities at equilibrium.

Purpose: It quantifies the position of equilibrium and predicts the direction of spontaneous reactions.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( K \) — Thermodynamic equilibrium constant (dimensionless)
• \( \Delta G \) — Change in Gibbs free energy (J/mol)
• \( [Molar-g] \) — Molar gas constant (8.3145 J/(mol·K))
• \( T \) — Absolute temperature (Kelvin)
• \( e \) — Euler's number (~2.71828)

Explanation: The formula relates the equilibrium constant to the Gibbs free energy change through the exponential relationship.

3. Importance of Equilibrium Constant

Details: The equilibrium constant helps predict reaction spontaneity, calculate equilibrium concentrations, and understand how conditions affect chemical equilibrium.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) in J/mol and temperature in Kelvin. Temperature must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does a large K value indicate?
A: K > 1 favors product formation at equilibrium, while K < 1 favors reactants.

Q2: How does temperature affect K?
A: For endothermic reactions (ΔH > 0), K increases with temperature. For exothermic reactions (ΔH < 0), K decreases with temperature.

Q3: What units should ΔG be in?
A: ΔG must be in Joules per mole (J/mol) for this calculation.

Q4: Why is temperature in Kelvin important?
A: The Kelvin scale is absolute and ensures positive values in the denominator.

Q5: What does ΔG = 0 mean for K?
A: When ΔG = 0, K = 1, meaning products and reactants are equally favored at equilibrium.