Time Calculation Formula:
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Definition: This calculator determines the time required for electrolysis based on the mass of ions reacted, the electrochemical equivalent of the element, and the electric current.
Purpose: It helps in electrochemical calculations to determine how long a current must be applied to produce or consume a certain mass of material.
The calculator uses Faraday's law of electrolysis:
Where:
Explanation: The mass of ions is divided by the product of the electrochemical equivalent and current to determine the required time.
Details: Accurate time calculation ensures proper control of electrochemical processes, efficient energy use, and predictable reaction outcomes.
Tips: Enter the mass of ions in kg, electrochemical equivalent (default 0.022 kg/C), and electric current in amps. All values must be > 0.
Q1: What is electrochemical equivalent?
A: It's the mass of substance produced or consumed at an electrode per coulomb of charge passed through the electrolyte.
Q2: How do I find the electrochemical equivalent?
A: It can be calculated as molar mass divided by (n × Faraday constant), where n is the number of electrons in the reaction.
Q3: Does this account for current efficiency?
A: No, this gives theoretical time. Actual time may be longer due to side reactions and less than 100% current efficiency.
Q4: What units should I use?
A: Use consistent units - kg for mass, kg/C for electrochemical equivalent, and A for current.
Q5: Can this be used for any electrochemical reaction?
A: Yes, as long as you know the electrochemical equivalent of the substance involved in the reaction.