1. What is Transport Number of Anion?

Definition: The Transport Number of Anion is the ratio of current carried by anions to the total current in an electrolyte solution.

Purpose: It helps in understanding the contribution of anions to the overall ionic conductivity in electrochemical cells.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( t_- \) — Transport number of anion
• \( t_+ \) — Transport number of cation

Explanation: Since the sum of cation and anion transport numbers must equal 1, the anion transport number is simply 1 minus the cation transport number.

3. Importance of Transport Numbers

Details: Transport numbers are crucial for understanding ionic migration in concentration cells with transference and for calculating liquid junction potentials.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the transport number of cation (value between 0 and 1). The calculator will compute the complementary anion transport number.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the range for transport numbers?
A: Transport numbers range from 0 to 1, with the sum of cation and anion transport numbers always equaling 1.

Q2: How are transport numbers determined experimentally?
A: Common methods include the Hittorf method and moving boundary method.

Q3: What affects transport numbers?
A: Factors include ion size, charge, concentration, solvent viscosity, and temperature.

Q4: What's a typical transport number for common ions?
A: For NaCl in water, t+ ≈ 0.4 for Na+ and t- ≈ 0.6 for Cl- at 25°C.

Q5: Why is this important for concentration cells?
A: The transport numbers determine the magnitude of the liquid junction potential in cells with transference.