1. What is Transport Number of Cation?

Definition: The Transport Number of Cation is the ratio of current carried by cations to the total current in an electrochemical cell.

Purpose: It helps in understanding the contribution of cations to the overall current in concentration cells with transference.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( t^+ \) — Transport number of cation
• \( t^- \) — Transport number of anion

Explanation: Since the total transport numbers must sum to 1, the cation transport number can be calculated by subtracting the anion transport number from 1.

3. Importance of Transport Numbers

Details: Transport numbers are crucial for understanding ionic conductivity, calculating cell potentials in concentration cells, and analyzing electrochemical systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the transport number of the anion (value between 0 and 1). The calculator will compute the corresponding cation transport number.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the range for transport numbers?
A: Transport numbers range from 0 to 1, with the sum of cation and anion transport numbers always equaling 1.

Q2: How are transport numbers experimentally determined?
A: Common methods include the moving boundary method and Hittorf's method.

Q3: What factors affect transport numbers?
A: Concentration, temperature, and the nature of ions and solvent affect transport numbers.

Q4: What does a transport number of 0.5 mean?
A: It means the ion carries exactly half of the total current in the solution.

Q5: Why is this important for concentration cells?
A: Transport numbers are needed to calculate the liquid junction potential in concentration cells with transference.