Van't Hoff Factor Formula:
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Definition: The Van't Hoff factor (i) is the ratio of initial vapour density to equilibrium vapour density of a substance.
Purpose: It helps in understanding the extent of association or dissociation of solutes in solution and their effect on colligative properties.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The ratio of initial to equilibrium vapour densities gives the factor by which the number of particles in solution changes due to dissociation or association.
Details: The factor is crucial for accurate calculation of colligative properties like boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and osmotic pressure.
Tips: Enter the initial vapour density and equilibrium vapour density (both must be > 0). The calculator will compute the Van't Hoff factor.
Q1: What does a Van't Hoff factor of 1 mean?
A: A factor of 1 indicates no dissociation or association of the solute particles in solution.
Q2: What's a typical value for ionic compounds?
A: For complete dissociation, it's equal to the number of ions produced (e.g., 2 for NaCl, 3 for CaCl₂).
Q3: When would the factor be less than 1?
A: When solute particles associate in solution (e.g., acetic acid in benzene).
Q4: How is vapour density measured?
A: Vapour density is typically determined experimentally by comparing the density of a vapour to that of hydrogen gas.
Q5: Does temperature affect the Van't Hoff factor?
A: Yes, as temperature changes can affect the degree of dissociation or association of solute particles.