1. What is Van't Hoff Factor using Vapour Densities?

Definition: The Van't Hoff factor (i) is the ratio of initial vapour density to equilibrium vapour density of a substance.

Purpose: It helps in understanding the extent of association or dissociation of solutes in solution and their effect on colligative properties.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( i \) — Van't Hoff Factor
• \( D \) — Initial Vapour Density
• \( d \) — Equilibrium Vapour Density

Explanation: The ratio of initial to equilibrium vapour densities gives the factor by which the number of particles in solution changes due to dissociation or association.

3. Importance of Van't Hoff Factor

Details: The factor is crucial for accurate calculation of colligative properties like boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and osmotic pressure.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the initial vapour density and equilibrium vapour density (both must be > 0). The calculator will compute the Van't Hoff factor.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does a Van't Hoff factor of 1 mean?
A: A factor of 1 indicates no dissociation or association of the solute particles in solution.

Q2: What's a typical value for ionic compounds?
A: For complete dissociation, it's equal to the number of ions produced (e.g., 2 for NaCl, 3 for CaCl₂).

Q3: When would the factor be less than 1?
A: When solute particles associate in solution (e.g., acetic acid in benzene).

Q4: How is vapour density measured?
A: Vapour density is typically determined experimentally by comparing the density of a vapour to that of hydrogen gas.

Q5: Does temperature affect the Van't Hoff factor?
A: Yes, as temperature changes can affect the degree of dissociation or association of solute particles.