Dynamic Viscosity Formula:
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Definition: This calculator determines the dynamic viscosity of a liquid solvent using the Smoluchowski equation, which relates viscosity to zeta potential, relative permittivity, and ionic mobility.
Purpose: It's used in electrokinetic phenomena studies, particularly in colloid chemistry and surface science to analyze liquid properties.
The calculator uses the Smoluchowski equation:
Where:
Explanation: The equation relates the electrokinetic potential at the slipping plane to the liquid's resistance to flow.
Details: Accurate viscosity determination is crucial for understanding fluid behavior in electrokinetic processes, designing microfluidic devices, and studying colloidal systems.
Tips:
Q1: What is zeta potential?
A: Zeta potential is the electric potential at the slipping plane, the boundary between the stationary layer of fluid attached to a particle and the mobile fluid.
Q2: When is the Smoluchowski equation valid?
A: It's valid for thin double layers (κa ≫ 1) where κ is the Debye length and a is the particle radius.
Q3: What affects ionic mobility?
A: Ionic mobility depends on ion charge, size, solvent viscosity, and temperature.
Q4: How does temperature affect the calculation?
A: Temperature affects all parameters - zeta potential, permittivity, and mobility are all temperature-dependent.
Q5: What are typical viscosity values for common solvents?
A: Water at 20°C: ~0.001 Pa·s; Ethanol: ~0.0012 Pa·s; Glycerol: ~1.5 Pa·s (all at 20°C).