1. What is Extrados Stresses on Arch Dam?

Definition: Extrados stresses are the stresses that occur on the outer curve (extrados) of an arch dam due to water pressure and other loads.

Purpose: Calculating these stresses helps engineers ensure the structural integrity and safety of arch dams.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( S \) — Extrados stresses (Pascals)
• \( F \) — Thrust of abutments (Newtons)
• \( t \) — Horizontal thickness of the arch (meters)
• \( M_t \) — Moment acting on arch dam (Joules)

Explanation: The formula accounts for both direct compressive stress and bending stress in the arch dam.

3. Importance of Extrados Stresses Calculation

Details: Proper calculation ensures the dam can withstand water pressure and other forces without excessive deformation or failure.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the thrust force, arch thickness, moment, and tolerance percentage (default ±5%). All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between intrados and extrados stresses?
A: Intrados stresses occur on the inner curve while extrados stresses occur on the outer curve of the arch dam.

Q2: Why include a tolerance percentage?
A: The tolerance accounts for material variations and safety factors in real-world applications.

Q3: What's a typical acceptable stress range?
A: This varies by material, but concrete arch dams typically have allowable stresses in the 2-5 MPa range.

Q4: How is the moment on the arch dam determined?
A: The moment is calculated from water pressure, weight of the dam, and other loads acting on the structure.

Q5: What units should I use?
A: Use consistent SI units: Newtons for force, meters for thickness, and Joules for moment.

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