Number of Beds given Hydraulic Gradient per unit head for Dams on Soft Foundations Calculator

Number of Beds Formula:

\[ B = \frac{N}{i} \]

Number of Beds:

1. What is Number of Beds given Hydraulic Gradient?

Definition: This calculator determines the number of beds needed between equipotential lines based on the hydraulic gradient per unit head loss for dams on soft foundations.

Purpose: It helps civil engineers design proper drainage systems and foundation beds for dams built on soft soil foundations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ B = \frac{N}{i} \]

Where:

\( B \) — Number of Beds
\( N \) — Number of Equipotential Lines
\( i \) — Hydraulic Gradient to Head Loss (as percentage)

Explanation: The number of equipotential lines is divided by the hydraulic gradient (converted from percentage to decimal) to determine the required number of beds.

3. Importance of Bed Calculation

Details: Proper bed calculation ensures stability of dams on soft foundations by controlling seepage and preventing piping failures.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the number of equipotential lines and the hydraulic gradient as a percentage (e.g., 2.02%). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are equipotential lines?
A: Lines connecting points of equal hydraulic head in a flow net analysis of seepage through soil.

Q2: How is hydraulic gradient determined?
A: It's the head loss divided by the flow length, typically expressed as a percentage.

Q3: Why is this important for soft foundations?
A: Soft soils are more susceptible to seepage erosion, requiring careful bed design to maintain stability.

Q4: What's a typical hydraulic gradient value?
A: Values typically range from 1% to 5% depending on soil conditions and safety requirements.

Q5: How does this relate to dam safety?
A: Proper bed calculation prevents excessive seepage forces that could lead to foundation failure.