Dose Of Drug Administered Orally Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ D_{po} = \frac{AUC_{po} \times D_{iv}}{AUC_{iv} \times f} \]

Area under Curve Non-Intravenous (AUC_po):

mol·s/m³

Dose Intravenous (D_iv):

mol

Area under Curve Intravenous (AUC_iv):

mol·s/m³

Bioavailability of Drug (f):

unitless

Dose Non-Intravenous (D_po):

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1. What is the Oral Dose Calculation Formula?

The oral dose calculation formula determines the appropriate oral dose of a drug based on bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters. It compares the area under the curve (AUC) for oral and intravenous administration to calculate the equivalent oral dose.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ D_{po} = \frac{AUC_{po} \times D_{iv}}{AUC_{iv} \times f} \]

Where:

\( D_{po} \) — Dose Non-Intravenous (oral dose in moles)
\( AUC_{po} \) — Area under Curve Non-Intravenous (mol·s/m³)
\( D_{iv} \) — Dose Intravenous (intravenous dose in moles)
\( AUC_{iv} \) — Area under Curve Intravenous (mol·s/m³)
\( f \) — Bioavailability of Drug (unitless fraction)

Explanation: This formula accounts for the differences in drug absorption and systemic availability between oral and intravenous administration routes.

3. Importance of Oral Dose Calculation

Details: Accurate oral dose calculation is crucial for ensuring therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. It helps in determining the appropriate dosage when switching between administration routes or when bioavailability data is available.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in the specified units. AUC values should be from pharmacokinetic studies, and bioavailability should be expressed as a decimal fraction (e.g., 0.8 for 80% bioavailability).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is bioavailability (f)?
A: Bioavailability is the fraction of an administered drug that reaches the systemic circulation unchanged. It ranges from 0 to 1, where 1 represents 100% absorption.

Q2: Why compare oral and intravenous AUC?
A: Comparing AUC values allows for the calculation of relative bioavailability and helps determine equivalent doses between different administration routes.

Q3: What factors affect bioavailability?
A: Bioavailability can be affected by first-pass metabolism, drug formulation, gastrointestinal pH, food interactions, and individual patient factors.

Q4: When is this calculation most useful?
A: This calculation is particularly useful during drug development, when switching from IV to oral therapy, or when establishing bioequivalence between formulations.

Q5: Are there limitations to this approach?
A: This approach assumes linear pharmacokinetics and may not account for factors like saturable metabolism, drug interactions, or non-linear protein binding.