Average Coefficient Of Heat Transfer For Vapour Condensing Outside Of Horizontal Tubes Of Diameter D Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ h_{avg} = 0.725 \times \left( \frac{(k^3) \times (\rho_f^2) \times g \times h_{fg}}{N \times d_t \times \mu_f \times \Delta T} \right)^{1/4} \]

Thermal Conductivity (k):

W/m·K

Density of Liquid Condensate (ρf):

kg/m³

Acceleration due to Gravity (g):

m/s²

Latent Heat of Vaporization (hfg):

J/kg

Number of Tubes (N):

Diameter of Tube (dt):

Viscosity of Film (μf):

Pa·s

Temperature Difference (ΔT):

Average Heat Transfer Coefficient (h_avg):

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What is the Average Heat Transfer Coefficient for Vapour Condensing?

The average heat transfer coefficient for vapour condensing outside horizontal tubes is a measure of the effectiveness of heat transfer during condensation processes. It quantifies the rate of heat transfer per unit area per unit temperature difference between the vapour and the tube surface.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ h_{avg} = 0.725 \times \left( \frac{(k^3) \times (\rho_f^2) \times g \times h_{fg}}{N \times d_t \times \mu_f \times \Delta T} \right)^{1/4} \]

Where:

\( k \) — Thermal conductivity (W/m·K)
\( \rho_f \) — Density of liquid condensate (kg/m³)
\( g \) — Acceleration due to gravity (m/s²)
\( h_{fg} \) — Latent heat of vaporization (J/kg)
\( N \) — Number of tubes
\( d_t \) — Diameter of tube (m)
\( \mu_f \) — Viscosity of film (Pa·s)
\( \Delta T \) — Temperature difference (K)

Explanation: This formula calculates the average heat transfer coefficient for condensation on the outside of horizontal tubes, considering the physical properties of the condensate and the geometric configuration of the tubes.

3. Importance of Heat Transfer Coefficient Calculation

Details: Accurate calculation of heat transfer coefficient is crucial for designing efficient heat exchangers, condensers, and other thermal systems. It helps in optimizing heat transfer rates and ensuring proper system performance.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all required parameters with appropriate units. Ensure all values are positive and within reasonable physical limits for accurate results.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the typical range of heat transfer coefficients for condensation?
A: For steam condensation, typical values range from 5000-15000 W/m²·K, while for organic vapors, values are generally lower, around 1000-3000 W/m²·K.

Q2: How does tube arrangement affect the heat transfer coefficient?
A: Staggered tube arrangements generally provide better heat transfer coefficients compared to in-line arrangements due to improved fluid dynamics.

Q3: What factors influence the viscosity of the film?
A: Film viscosity is primarily influenced by temperature and the physical properties of the condensate fluid.

Q4: Why is the 0.725 coefficient used in the formula?
A: The coefficient 0.725 is derived from theoretical analysis and experimental validation for condensation on horizontal tubes.

Q5: Can this formula be used for vertical tubes?
A: No, this specific formula is designed for horizontal tubes. Vertical tubes require a different correlation due to different flow patterns.