Beam Width Between First Null Endside Array Calculator

Beam Width Between First Null Endside Array Formula:

\[ BW_{end} = 2 \times \sqrt{\frac{2 \times \lambda_b}{N \times d}} \]

Beam Width between First Null Endside Array (BWend):

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1. What is Beam Width between First Null Endside Array?

Beam Width between First Null Endside Array refers to the angular span between the first pattern nulls adjacent to the main lobe in an array antenna system. This parameter is crucial for understanding the radiation pattern and directivity of the antenna array.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Beam Width between First Null Endside Array formula:

\[ BW_{end} = 2 \times \sqrt{\frac{2 \times \lambda_b}{N \times d}} \]

Where:

\( BW_{end} \) — Beam Width between First Null Endside Array (rad)
\( \lambda_b \) — Broad Side Array Wavelength (m)
\( N \) — Number of Turns of Array Antenna
\( d \) — Distance between array elements (m)

Explanation: The formula calculates the angular width between the first nulls adjacent to the main beam in an end-fire array configuration, which is important for determining the antenna's directivity and beam pattern characteristics.

3. Importance of Beam Width Calculation

Details: Calculating the beam width between first nulls is essential for antenna design and analysis. It helps in determining the antenna's resolution capability, side lobe levels, and overall radiation pattern characteristics, which are critical for various communication and radar applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the broad side array wavelength in meters, number of turns of array antenna (must be a positive integer), and the distance between array elements in meters. All values must be valid positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the significance of beam width in antenna arrays?
A: Beam width determines the angular resolution and directivity of the antenna array. A narrower beam width indicates higher directivity and better resolution.

Q2: How does the number of array elements affect beam width?
A: Increasing the number of array elements typically results in a narrower beam width, improving the antenna's directivity and gain.

Q3: What is the difference between beam width and null-to-null beam width?
A: Beam width typically refers to the half-power beam width (HPBW), while null-to-null beam width refers to the angular span between the first nulls on either side of the main lobe.

Q4: How does element spacing affect the beam width?
A: Element spacing affects both the beam width and the possibility of grating lobes. Optimal spacing is typically around half-wavelength to avoid grating lobes while maintaining good beam characteristics.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for different array configurations?
A: This specific calculator is designed for endside array configurations. Different array configurations may require different formulas for beam width calculation.