Concentration Of Substance After I Tidal Cycles Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ C_i = C_0 \times (1 - E)^i \]

Initial Concentration (C₀):

mg/L

Average per Cycle Exchange Coefficient (E):

(0-1)

Tidal Cycles (i):

cycles

Concentration of Substance after i Tidal Cycles (Cᵢ):

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What is the Concentration of Substance after i Tidal Cycles?

The Concentration of Substance after i Tidal Cycles is the amount of a specific substance present in a given volume of water after it has undergone a specific number (i) of tidal cycles. This calculation is important for understanding water quality changes in harbors and coastal environments.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ C_i = C_0 \times (1 - E)^i \]

Where:

\( C_i \) — Concentration of substance after i tidal cycles (mg/L)
\( C_0 \) — Initial concentration of substance in harbor water (mg/L)
\( E \) — Average per cycle exchange coefficient (0-1)
\( i \) — Number of tidal cycles

Explanation: The formula calculates how the concentration of a substance decreases over multiple tidal cycles due to water exchange with the adjacent sea.

3. Importance of Tidal Exchange Calculations

Details: Understanding tidal exchange is crucial for water quality management, pollution control, and environmental impact assessments in coastal areas and harbors.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial concentration in mg/L, exchange coefficient between 0-1, and number of tidal cycles. All values must be valid (concentration > 0, exchange coefficient 0-1, cycles ≥ 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the exchange coefficient (E)?
A: The exchange coefficient represents the average fraction of water exchanged between a confined water body and the adjacent sea over a complete tidal cycle.

Q2: How is the exchange coefficient determined?
A: The exchange coefficient is typically determined through field measurements, tracer studies, or hydrodynamic modeling of the specific water body.

Q3: What factors affect the exchange coefficient?
A: Tidal range, basin geometry, water depth, wind conditions, and freshwater inflow can all affect the exchange coefficient.

Q4: Can this formula be used for any substance?
A: Yes, the formula applies to any conservative substance (one that doesn't degrade or react significantly during the tidal cycle).

Q5: What are typical values for exchange coefficients?
A: Exchange coefficients typically range from 0.1 to 0.9, with well-mixed harbors having higher values and poorly-flushed basins having lower values.