Confined Aquifer Discharge Given Coefficient Of Transmissibility And Depth Of Water Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ Q = \frac{2.72 \times T_w \times (h_2 - h_1)}{\log\left(\frac{r_2}{r_1}\right)} \]

Coefficient of Transmissibility (T_w):

m²/s

Depth of Water 1 (h₁):

Depth of Water 2 (h₂):

Radial Distance at Well 1 (r₁):

Radial Distance at Well 2 (r₂):

Discharge (Q):

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1. What is the Confined Aquifer Discharge Formula?

The confined aquifer discharge formula calculates the rate of groundwater flow through a confined aquifer using the coefficient of transmissibility, water depths at two observation wells, and their radial distances from the pumping well.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ Q = \frac{2.72 \times T_w \times (h_2 - h_1)}{\log\left(\frac{r_2}{r_1}\right)} \]

Where:

\( Q \) — Discharge rate (m³/s)
\( T_w \) — Coefficient of transmissibility (m²/s)
\( h_1 \) — Depth of water at well 1 (m)
\( h_2 \) — Depth of water at well 2 (m)
\( r_1 \) — Radial distance at observation well 1 (m)
\( r_2 \) — Radial distance at observation well 2 (m)

Explanation: This formula calculates groundwater discharge based on the transmissibility of the aquifer and the hydraulic gradient between two observation points.

3. Importance of Discharge Calculation

Details: Accurate discharge calculation is crucial for groundwater resource management, well field design, and understanding aquifer characteristics for sustainable water supply planning.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in appropriate units. Ensure radial distances are measured from the pumping well, and water depths are measured from a common datum. All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is coefficient of transmissibility?
A: The coefficient of transmissibility represents the rate at which water is transmitted through a unit width of aquifer under a unit hydraulic gradient.

Q2: When is this formula applicable?
A: This formula applies to confined aquifers with steady-state flow conditions and homogeneous, isotropic aquifer properties.

Q3: What are typical values for coefficient of transmissibility?
A: Values range from 0.1 to 1000 m²/day depending on aquifer material, with higher values indicating more permeable aquifers.

Q4: How accurate is this calculation?
A: Accuracy depends on proper measurement of water levels and distances, and assumes ideal aquifer conditions. Field conditions may require adjustments.

Q5: Can this be used for unconfined aquifers?
A: No, this formula is specifically for confined aquifers. Unconfined aquifers require different equations that account for the water table.