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The cross-sectional area of a well refers to the area of the well's horizontal cross-section, typically measured at the water surface level. It is a crucial parameter in hydrogeological calculations for determining well performance and groundwater flow characteristics.
The calculator uses the following formula:
Where:
Explanation: This formula calculates the cross-sectional area required to achieve a specific discharge rate given the well's specific capacity and the constant depression head maintained during pumping.
Details: Accurate calculation of cross-sectional area is essential for well design, determining optimal well dimensions, estimating well yield, and designing efficient pumping systems for groundwater extraction.
Tips: Enter discharge in cubic meters per second, specific capacity in meters per second, and constant depression head in meters. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.
Q1: What is specific capacity of a well?
A: Specific capacity is the discharge per unit drawdown, typically expressed as the well's yield per meter of drawdown (m³/s per m or m²/s).
Q2: What is constant depression head?
A: Constant depression head refers to the maintained drawdown or lowering of the water level in the well during pumping tests or operation.
Q3: How does cross-sectional area affect well performance?
A: Larger cross-sectional areas generally allow for higher discharge rates and more efficient water entry into the well, reducing entrance velocities and minimizing sand pumping.
Q4: When should this calculation be used?
A: This calculation is particularly useful during well design phase, well rehabilitation planning, and when assessing the relationship between well dimensions and expected yield.
Q5: Are there limitations to this equation?
A: This equation assumes ideal conditions and may need adjustment for wells with complex geometries, varying aquifer characteristics, or non-uniform flow conditions around the well.