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The Modified Hazen's Equation is used to calculate the diameter of sediment particles based on their settling velocity, specific gravity, and the temperature of the fluid. It provides a practical method for determining particle size in sedimentation processes.
The calculator uses the Modified Hazen's Equation:
Where:
Explanation: The equation accounts for the relationship between particle settling velocity, particle density relative to water, and fluid temperature to determine particle diameter.
Details: Accurate particle diameter determination is crucial for sediment transport studies, water treatment processes, and understanding sedimentation in natural and engineered systems.
Tips: Enter settling velocity in m/s, specific gravity (dimensionless), and temperature in °C. All values must be valid (Vsm > 0, G > 0, T > -273.15°C).
Q1: What is the range of applicability for this equation?
A: The Modified Hazen's Equation is most accurate for small to medium-sized particles in water at temperatures between 0-30°C.
Q2: How does temperature affect the calculation?
A: Temperature affects fluid viscosity, which influences settling velocity. Higher temperatures generally result in faster settling rates.
Q3: What are typical values for specific gravity of sediment?
A: Most mineral sediments have specific gravity between 2.5-2.7, while organic sediments may have values closer to 1.0-1.5.
Q4: Are there limitations to this equation?
A: The equation assumes spherical particles and may be less accurate for non-spherical particles or in highly concentrated suspensions.
Q5: Can this equation be used for air or other fluids?
A: The Modified Hazen's Equation is specifically calibrated for water and may not be accurate for other fluids without modification.