Discharge At Downstream Water Body Of Catchment Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ q1 = \frac{R \times Lstream}{2} + \frac{K}{2 \times Lstream} \times (ho^2 - h1^2) \]

Natural Recharge (R):

Cubic Meter per Second

Length between Upstream and Downstream (Lstream):

Meter

Coefficient of Permeability (K):

Meter per Second

Piezometric Head at Upstream End (ho):

Meter

Piezometric Head at Downstream End (h1):

Meter

Discharge at Downstream Side (q1):

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1. What is the Discharge at Downstream Side?

The Discharge at Downstream Side refers to the volume of water flowing past a specific point in a river per unit of time, measured at a location further along the river's course, away from its source. It is a crucial parameter in hydrology and water resource management.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ q1 = \frac{R \times Lstream}{2} + \frac{K}{2 \times Lstream} \times (ho^2 - h1^2) \]

Where:

\( q1 \) — Discharge at Downstream Side (Cubic Meter per Second)
\( R \) — Natural Recharge (Cubic Meter per Second)
\( Lstream \) — Length between Upstream and Downstream (Meter)
\( K \) — Coefficient of Permeability (Meter per Second)
\( ho \) — Piezometric Head at Upstream End (Meter)
\( h1 \) — Piezometric Head at Downstream End (Meter)

Explanation: This formula calculates the discharge at the downstream side by considering natural recharge, length between points, soil permeability, and piezometric head differences.

3. Importance of Discharge Calculation

Details: Accurate discharge calculation is essential for water resource management, flood prediction, irrigation planning, and environmental impact assessments. It helps in understanding water availability and flow characteristics in river systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in appropriate units. Natural Recharge and Coefficient of Permeability must be positive values. Length between points must be greater than zero. Piezometric heads should be non-negative values.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is Natural Recharge?
A: Natural Recharge is a process by which groundwater is replenished naturally when precipitation infiltrates the ground, moving through the soil and rock layers until it reaches the water table.

Q2: What does Coefficient of Permeability represent?
A: The Coefficient of Permeability of soil describes how easily a liquid will move through the soil. Higher values indicate more permeable soil.

Q3: What is Piezometric Head?
A: Piezometric Head refers to the specific measurement of liquid pressure above a vertical datum. It represents the hydraulic head at a specific point in the system.

Q4: When is this formula typically used?
A: This formula is commonly used in groundwater hydrology, civil engineering projects, and environmental studies to calculate discharge in catchment areas and river systems.

Q5: Are there limitations to this calculation method?
A: The formula assumes certain idealized conditions and may need adjustments for complex geological formations, varying soil properties, or extreme hydrological events.