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Discharge Formula:
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The discharge formula \( Q = 2.72 \times \Delta s \times T \) calculates the rate of flow of water through an aquifer, where Δs represents the difference in drawdowns between two observation wells and T is the aquifer constant (coefficient of transmissibility).
The calculator uses the discharge formula:
Where:
Explanation: This formula calculates the volumetric flow rate of groundwater through an aquifer based on the hydraulic gradient and the aquifer's transmissibility properties.
Details: Accurate discharge calculation is crucial for groundwater resource management, well design, contaminant transport studies, and sustainable water extraction planning.
Tips: Enter the difference in drawdowns in meters and the aquifer constant in m²/day. Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero for accurate calculation.
Q1: What is the significance of the constant 2.72?
A: The constant 2.72 is derived from the mathematical constant e (Euler's number) and represents the conversion factor in this specific groundwater flow equation.
Q2: How is aquifer transmissibility determined?
A: Aquifer transmissibility (T) is typically determined through pumping tests where drawdown is measured over time at observation wells.
Q3: What units should be used for accurate results?
A: For consistent results, use meters for drawdown difference and m²/day for aquifer transmissibility. The calculator will output discharge in m³/s.
Q4: Can this formula be used for confined and unconfined aquifers?
A: This specific formula is typically used for confined aquifers. Different equations may be needed for unconfined aquifer conditions.
Q5: What factors can affect the accuracy of discharge calculations?
A: Factors include aquifer heterogeneity, well construction quality, measurement errors, and temporal variations in groundwater conditions.