Electric Flux Calculator

Electric Flux Formula:

\[ \Phi_E = E \times A \times \cos(\theta) \]

Electric Flux (ΦE):

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What is Electric Flux?

Electric Flux is the property of an electric field that may be thought of as the number of electric lines of force passing through a given surface area. It represents the flow of the electric field through a surface.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the electric flux formula:

\[ \Phi_E = E \times A \times \cos(\theta) \]

Where:

\( \Phi_E \) — Electric Flux (C/m)
\( E \) — Electric Field Intensity (V/m)
\( A \) — Area of Surface (m²)
\( \theta \) — Angle between electric field and surface normal (degrees)

Explanation: The formula calculates the electric flux through a surface by multiplying the electric field intensity, the area of the surface, and the cosine of the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal.

3. Importance of Electric Flux Calculation

Details: Electric flux calculation is crucial in electromagnetism for understanding how electric fields interact with surfaces, in Gauss's law applications, and in various engineering applications involving electromagnetic fields.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter electric field intensity in V/m, area in m², and angle in degrees. All values must be valid (positive values for field intensity and area, angle between 0-360 degrees).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the unit of electric flux?
A: Electric flux is measured in Coulomb per meter (C/m) in the SI system.

Q2: What does the angle represent in the formula?
A: The angle represents the angle between the electric field vector and the normal (perpendicular) to the surface.

Q3: When is electric flux maximum?
A: Electric flux is maximum when the electric field is perpendicular to the surface (θ = 0°), and minimum (zero) when parallel to the surface (θ = 90°).

Q4: What is the significance of negative flux?
A: Negative flux indicates that the electric field lines are entering the surface rather than exiting it.

Q5: How is this related to Gauss's law?
A: Gauss's law states that the total electric flux through a closed surface is proportional to the charge enclosed by that surface.