Flow Velocity Of Stream Calculator

Velocity of Liquid Formula:

\[ v = \frac{\gamma_f}{4\mu} \cdot \frac{dh}{dx} \cdot (R_{inclined}^2 - d_{radial}^2) \]

Specific Weight of Liquid (γf):

N/m³

Dynamic Viscosity (μ):

Pa·s

Piezometric Gradient (dh/dx):

Inclined Pipes Radius (Rinclined):

Radial Distance (dradial):

Velocity of Liquid (v):

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1. What is the Flow Velocity of Stream Formula?

The Flow Velocity of Stream formula calculates the velocity of liquid flow in inclined pipes based on specific weight, viscosity, piezometric gradient, pipe radius, and radial distance. This equation is derived from the fundamental principles of fluid mechanics.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the velocity formula:

\[ v = \frac{\gamma_f}{4\mu} \cdot \frac{dh}{dx} \cdot (R_{inclined}^2 - d_{radial}^2) \]

Where:

\( v \) — Velocity of liquid (m/s)
\( \gamma_f \) — Specific weight of liquid (N/m³)
\( \mu \) — Dynamic viscosity (Pa·s)
\( \frac{dh}{dx} \) — Piezometric gradient
\( R_{inclined} \) — Inclined pipes radius (m)
\( d_{radial} \) — Radial distance (m)

Explanation: The formula calculates fluid velocity in inclined pipes considering the pressure gradient and fluid properties.

3. Importance of Flow Velocity Calculation

Details: Accurate flow velocity calculation is crucial for pipe system design, fluid transport efficiency analysis, and hydraulic engineering applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter specific weight in N/m³, dynamic viscosity in Pa·s, piezometric gradient, pipe radius in meters, and radial distance in meters. All values must be valid and radial distance must be less than pipe radius.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is specific weight of liquid?
A: Specific weight refers to the weight per unit volume of a substance, measured in N/m³.

Q2: How does viscosity affect flow velocity?
A: Higher viscosity creates more resistance to flow, resulting in lower velocity for the same pressure gradient.

Q3: What is piezometric gradient?
A: Piezometric gradient represents the rate of change of hydraulic head with distance along the flow direction.

Q4: Why is radial distance important?
A: Radial distance determines the position within the pipe where velocity is being calculated, as velocity varies across the pipe cross-section.

Q5: What are typical velocity ranges in pipe flow?
A: Typical velocities range from 0.5-3 m/s for water in pipes, depending on application and pipe size.