Force Exerted By Jet Normal To Direction Of Jet Normal To Plate Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ F_Y = \frac{\gamma_f \cdot A_{Jet} \cdot v_{jet}^2}{g} \cdot \sin(\theta) \cdot \cos(\theta) \]

Specific Weight of Liquid (γf):

N/m³

Cross Sectional Area of Jet (AJet):

m²

Fluid Jet Velocity (vjet):

m/s

Angle between Jet and Plate (θ):

degrees

Force by Jet Normal to Plate in Y (F_Y):

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1. What is Force Exerted by Jet Normal to Plate?

The force exerted by a jet normal to a plate refers to the perpendicular component of force that a fluid jet applies when it strikes a flat surface. This is an important concept in fluid mechanics and hydraulic engineering, particularly in the design of turbines, pumps, and other fluid machinery.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the following formula:

\[ F_Y = \frac{\gamma_f \cdot A_{Jet} \cdot v_{jet}^2}{g} \cdot \sin(\theta) \cdot \cos(\theta) \]

Where:

\( F_Y \) — Force by jet normal to plate in Y direction (N)
\( \gamma_f \) — Specific weight of liquid (N/m³)
\( A_{Jet} \) — Cross sectional area of jet (m²)
\( v_{jet} \) — Fluid jet velocity (m/s)
\( g \) — Gravitational acceleration (9.80665 m/s²)
\( \theta \) — Angle between jet and plate (degrees)

Explanation: The formula calculates the normal force component based on the momentum change of the fluid jet when it strikes the plate at an angle.

3. Importance of Jet Force Calculation

Details: Accurate calculation of jet forces is crucial for designing hydraulic systems, turbines, and other fluid machinery. It helps in determining structural requirements, efficiency calculations, and performance optimization of fluid systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter specific weight in N/m³, cross-sectional area in m², velocity in m/s, and angle in degrees (0-90). All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is specific weight of liquid?
A: Specific weight is the weight per unit volume of a substance, calculated as density multiplied by gravitational acceleration.

Q2: How does the angle affect the force?
A: The force is maximum at 45 degrees and decreases to zero at 0 and 90 degrees, following the sinθ·cosθ relationship.

Q3: What are typical applications of this calculation?
A: This calculation is used in hydraulic turbine design, jet propulsion systems, water hammer analysis, and impact force calculations in fluid systems.

Q4: What assumptions are made in this formula?
A: The formula assumes ideal fluid flow, no energy losses, and that the jet strikes the plate smoothly without splashing or turbulence effects.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation for real-world applications?
A: While the formula provides a good theoretical estimate, real-world applications may require additional factors such as friction losses, turbulence effects, and material properties for precise calculations.