Force Exerted By Jet In Direction Normal To Plate Calculator

Force Exerted by Jet Normal to Plate Formula:

\[ F_p = \frac{\gamma_f \cdot A_{Jet} \cdot v_{jet}^2}{[g]} \cdot \sin(\angle D) \]

Specific Weight of Liquid (γf):

N/m³

Cross Sectional Area of Jet (AJet):

m²

Fluid Jet Velocity (vjet):

m/s

Angle between Jet and Plate (∠D):

degrees

Force Exerted by Jet Normal to Plate (Fp):

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1. What is Force Exerted by Jet Normal to Plate?

The Force Exerted by Jet Normal to Plate refers to the perpendicular force that a fluid jet applies when it strikes a flat surface. This is an important concept in fluid mechanics and hydraulic engineering, particularly in the design of turbines, pumps, and other fluid machinery.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the following formula:

\[ F_p = \frac{\gamma_f \cdot A_{Jet} \cdot v_{jet}^2}{[g]} \cdot \sin(\angle D) \]

Where:

\( F_p \) — Force exerted by jet normal to plate (N)
\( \gamma_f \) — Specific weight of liquid (N/m³)
\( A_{Jet} \) — Cross sectional area of jet (m²)
\( v_{jet} \) — Fluid jet velocity (m/s)
\( [g] \) — Gravitational acceleration (9.80665 m/s²)
\( \angle D \) — Angle between jet and plate (degrees)

Explanation: The formula calculates the normal force component based on the jet's momentum and the angle of impact with the plate surface.

3. Importance of Jet Force Calculation

Details: Accurate calculation of jet forces is crucial for designing hydraulic structures, turbine blades, and other equipment that interacts with fluid jets. It helps engineers determine structural requirements and optimize performance.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter specific weight in N/m³, cross sectional area in m², velocity in m/s, and angle in degrees (0-90°). All values must be positive, with angle between 0 and 90 degrees.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is specific weight of liquid?
A: Specific weight is the weight per unit volume of a substance, calculated as density multiplied by gravitational acceleration (γ = ρ·g).

Q2: How does the angle affect the force?
A: The force is maximum when the jet strikes the plate perpendicularly (90°) and decreases as the angle decreases, reaching zero when parallel to the plate (0°).

Q3: What are typical applications of this calculation?
A: This calculation is used in designing Pelton wheels, jet propulsion systems, hydraulic presses, and various fluid control devices.

Q4: Why is gravitational acceleration included?
A: Gravitational acceleration is used to convert between mass and weight units in the specific weight parameter.

Q5: Can this formula be used for compressible fluids?
A: This formula is primarily for incompressible fluids. For compressible fluids, additional factors like density changes and compressibility effects need to be considered.