Free Stream Velocity Of Fluid Flowing Over Flat Plate Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ u_{\infty} = \frac{2 \cdot h_x}{\rho \cdot c \cdot C_f} \]

Local Heat Transfer Coefficient (hx):

W/m²·K

Density (ρ):

kg/m³

Specific Heat Capacity (c):

J/kg·K

Local Skin-Friction Coefficient (Cf):

Free Stream Velocity (u∞):

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What is Free Stream Velocity?

Free Stream Velocity is defined as at some distance above the boundary the velocity reaches a constant value that is free stream velocity. It represents the velocity of fluid flowing undisturbed over a surface.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ u_{\infty} = \frac{2 \cdot h_x}{\rho \cdot c \cdot C_f} \]

Where:

\( u_{\infty} \) — Free Stream Velocity (m/s)
\( h_x \) — Local Heat Transfer Coefficient (W/m²·K)
\( \rho \) — Density (kg/m³)
\( c \) — Specific Heat Capacity (J/kg·K)
\( C_f \) — Local Skin-Friction Coefficient

Explanation: This formula relates the free stream velocity to local heat transfer coefficient, fluid properties, and skin-friction coefficient for fluid flowing over a flat plate.

3. Importance of Free Stream Velocity Calculation

Details: Calculating free stream velocity is crucial for analyzing fluid flow characteristics, heat transfer rates, and boundary layer development in various engineering applications, particularly in aerodynamics and heat exchanger design.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter local heat transfer coefficient in W/m²·K, density in kg/m³, specific heat capacity in J/kg·K, and local skin-friction coefficient. All values must be positive and valid.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the significance of free stream velocity in fluid dynamics?
A: Free stream velocity determines the flow characteristics, boundary layer development, and heat transfer rates in fluid flow over surfaces.

Q2: How does free stream velocity affect heat transfer?
A: Higher free stream velocities generally increase convective heat transfer coefficients due to enhanced fluid mixing and reduced boundary layer thickness.

Q3: What factors influence the local skin-friction coefficient?
A: The skin-friction coefficient depends on Reynolds number, surface roughness, and flow conditions (laminar or turbulent).

Q4: Can this formula be used for curved surfaces?
A: This specific formula is primarily valid for flat plates. For curved surfaces, additional correction factors may be needed.

Q5: What are typical ranges for free stream velocity in engineering applications?
A: Free stream velocities can range from very low values (0.1 m/s) in natural convection to very high values (100+ m/s) in aerodynamic applications.