1. What is Hydraulic Radius?

Hydraulic Radius of Channel is the ratio of the cross-sectional area of a channel or pipe in which a fluid is flowing to the wet perimeter of the conduit. For the most efficient channel, the hydraulic radius is calculated as half the depth of flow.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the hydraulic radius formula:

Where:

• \( R_H \) — Hydraulic Radius of Channel (m)
• \( d_f \) — Depth of Flow (m)

Explanation: This formula calculates the hydraulic radius for the most efficient channel configuration where the hydraulic radius equals half the depth of flow.

3. Importance of Hydraulic Radius Calculation

Details: Hydraulic radius is a fundamental parameter in open channel flow calculations. It helps determine flow characteristics, resistance, and efficiency of water conveyance systems. Accurate calculation is essential for designing efficient irrigation channels, drainage systems, and natural watercourses.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the depth of flow in meters. The value must be positive and greater than zero for valid calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the significance of hydraulic radius in channel design?
A: Hydraulic radius indicates the efficiency of a channel cross-section. Larger hydraulic radius values generally mean more efficient flow with less resistance per unit area.

Q2: How does hydraulic radius differ from hydraulic diameter?
A: Hydraulic radius is half the hydraulic diameter. While hydraulic radius is used in open channel flow, hydraulic diameter is more commonly used in closed conduit flow calculations.

Q3: What are typical hydraulic radius values for efficient channels?
A: For most efficient rectangular channels, the hydraulic radius is typically half the depth of flow, while for semicircular channels, it's approximately equal to the radius.

Q4: Why is the most efficient channel important?
A: The most efficient channel configuration minimizes construction costs while maximizing flow capacity and minimizing energy losses due to friction.

Q5: Can this formula be used for all channel shapes?
A: This specific formula (R_H = d_f/2) applies to the most efficient rectangular channel. Other channel shapes have different relationships between depth and hydraulic radius.