Hydraulic Radius or Hydraulic Mean Depth Calculator

Hydraulic Radius Formula:

\[ R_H = \frac{A}{p} \]

Hydraulic Radius of Channel (R_H):

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What is Hydraulic Radius or Hydraulic Mean Depth?

The Hydraulic Radius (R_H), also known as Hydraulic Mean Depth, is the ratio of the cross-sectional area of a channel or pipe in which a fluid is flowing to the wetted perimeter of the conduit. It is a fundamental parameter in open channel flow calculations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Hydraulic Radius formula:

\[ R_H = \frac{A}{p} \]

Where:

\( R_H \) — Hydraulic Radius of Channel (m)
\( A \) — Wetted Surface Area of Channel (m²)
\( p \) — Wetted Perimeter of Channel (m)

Explanation: The hydraulic radius represents the efficiency of the channel cross-section in conveying flow. Higher values indicate more efficient flow conditions.

3. Importance of Hydraulic Radius Calculation

Details: Hydraulic radius is crucial for determining flow characteristics in open channels, designing hydraulic structures, calculating flow resistance, and analyzing sediment transport in rivers and canals.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the wetted surface area in square meters (m²) and the wetted perimeter in meters (m). Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the difference between hydraulic radius and hydraulic diameter?
A: Hydraulic radius is used primarily in open channel flow, while hydraulic diameter is used in closed conduit flow. Hydraulic diameter is four times the hydraulic radius.

Q2: How does hydraulic radius affect flow efficiency?
A: Larger hydraulic radius values generally indicate more efficient flow conditions as there is less frictional resistance per unit area of flow.

Q3: What are typical hydraulic radius values for different channel types?
A: Values vary widely depending on channel geometry. For rectangular channels, values typically range from 0.1m to several meters, while for natural rivers, values can be much larger.

Q4: Why is hydraulic radius important in sediment transport studies?
A: Hydraulic radius helps determine the shear stress acting on the channel bed, which is critical for predicting sediment movement and erosion patterns.

Q5: Can hydraulic radius be used for partially filled pipes?
A: Yes, hydraulic radius is commonly used for partially filled pipe flow calculations in sanitary and stormwater systems.