1. What is Internal Inductance of Long Straight Wire?

The Internal Inductance of Long Straight Wire refers to the inductance associated with the magnetic field inside the wire itself, as opposed to the magnetic field outside the wire. It quantifies the energy stored in the magnetic field within the conductor.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the internal inductance formula:

Where:

• \( L_a \) — Internal inductance of long straight wire (H/m)
• \( \mu \) — Magnetic permeability (H/m)
• \( \pi \) — Archimedes' constant (≈ 3.141592653589793)

Explanation: This formula calculates the internal inductance per unit length of a long straight wire based on the magnetic permeability of the material.

3. Importance of Internal Inductance Calculation

Details: Calculating internal inductance is crucial for understanding the complete electromagnetic behavior of conductors, designing high-frequency circuits, and analyzing signal transmission characteristics in wires and cables.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the magnetic permeability value in Henry per meter (H/m). The value must be positive and greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is magnetic permeability?
A: Magnetic permeability is a property of a material's ability to respond to a magnetic field. It quantifies how easily a substance can be magnetized in the presence of a magnetic field.

Q2: How does internal inductance differ from external inductance?
A: Internal inductance is associated with the magnetic field inside the conductor, while external inductance is associated with the magnetic field outside the conductor in the surrounding space.

Q3: What are typical values for magnetic permeability?
A: For free space, μ₀ = 4π×10⁻⁷ H/m. For other materials, permeability is typically expressed relative to free space as μ = μᵣμ₀, where μᵣ is the relative permeability.

Q4: Does this formula apply to all wire geometries?
A: This specific formula applies only to long straight wires with uniform current distribution. Different geometries require different inductance calculations.

Q5: When is internal inductance significant in circuit design?
A: Internal inductance becomes significant at high frequencies where skin effect causes current to concentrate near the surface of the conductor, affecting the overall impedance.