Length Using Line Losses (1-Phase 2-Wire Mid-Point Earthed) Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ Length of Underground AC Wire = \frac{Line Losses \times Area of Underground AC Wire}{2 \times Resistivity \times (Current Underground AC)^2} \] \[ L = \frac{P_{loss} \times A}{2 \times \rho \times I^2} \]

Line Losses (P_loss):

Watt

Area of Underground AC Wire (A):

m²

Resistivity (ρ):

Ω·m

Current Underground AC (I):

Length of Underground AC Wire (L):

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1. What is Length Using Line Losses Calculation?

The Length Using Line Losses calculation determines the length of an underground AC wire based on line losses, wire area, resistivity, and current. This is essential for designing efficient electrical distribution systems with minimal power loss.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ L = \frac{P_{loss} \times A}{2 \times \rho \times I^2} \]

Where:

\( L \) — Length of Underground AC Wire (meters)
\( P_{loss} \) — Line Losses (Watt)
\( A \) — Area of Underground AC Wire (m²)
\( \rho \) — Resistivity (Ω·m)
\( I \) — Current Underground AC (Ampere)

Explanation: This formula calculates the maximum allowable length of wire that can be used while maintaining acceptable power loss levels in a 1-Phase 2-Wire Mid-Point Earthed system.

3. Importance of Length Calculation

Details: Accurate length calculation is crucial for optimizing electrical system design, minimizing energy losses, ensuring voltage stability, and reducing operational costs in underground AC distribution networks.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter line losses in watts, wire area in square meters, resistivity in ohm-meters, and current in amperes. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the formula specific to 1-Phase 2-Wire Mid-Point Earthed systems?
A: This configuration has specific electrical characteristics that affect power loss calculations, requiring a dedicated formula for accurate results.

Q2: What are typical resistivity values for common conductor materials?
A: Copper: 1.68×10⁻⁸ Ω·m, Aluminum: 2.82×10⁻⁸ Ω·m. Actual values may vary based on material purity and temperature.

Q3: How does wire area affect the calculated length?
A: Larger wire areas reduce resistance, allowing for longer cable runs with the same power loss, or the same length with reduced losses.

Q4: What are acceptable line loss percentages?
A: Typically 2-5% of total power transmitted, though this varies based on application requirements and regulatory standards.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for overhead lines?
A: While the basic principles are similar, overhead lines have different thermal characteristics and may require additional considerations not accounted for in this specific formula.