Maximum Voltage Using Area Of X-Section (2-Wire Mid-Point Earthed DC US) Calculator

Maximum Voltage Formula:

\[ V_m = P \times \sqrt{\frac{\rho \times l \times 2}{P_{line} \times A}} \]

Power Transmitted (P):

Watt

Resistivity (ρ):

Ω·m

Length of Wire DC (l):

Meter

Line Losses (P_line):

Watt

Area of Underground DC Wire (A):

m²

Maximum Voltage (V_m):

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1. What is Maximum Voltage Using Area Of X-Section?

Maximum Voltage Using Area Of X-Section calculates the highest voltage rating for electrical devices in a 2-wire mid-point earthed DC system based on power transmitted, resistivity, wire length, line losses, and cross-sectional area.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ V_m = P \times \sqrt{\frac{\rho \times l \times 2}{P_{line} \times A}} \]

Where:

\( V_m \) — Maximum Voltage (Volt)
\( P \) — Power Transmitted (Watt)
\( \rho \) — Resistivity (Ω·m)
\( l \) — Length of Wire DC (Meter)
\( P_{line} \) — Line Losses (Watt)
\( A \) — Area of Underground DC Wire (m²)

Explanation: The formula calculates the maximum voltage by considering the relationship between power transmission, material properties, and system losses.

3. Importance of Maximum Voltage Calculation

Details: Accurate maximum voltage calculation is crucial for designing safe and efficient electrical systems, ensuring proper insulation, and preventing equipment damage.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in appropriate units. Ensure all inputs are positive values for accurate calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the significance of the 2 in the numerator?
A: The factor of 2 accounts for the return path in the 2-wire DC system.

Q2: How does wire area affect maximum voltage?
A: Larger wire area reduces resistance and line losses, potentially allowing for higher maximum voltage.

Q3: Why is resistivity important in this calculation?
A: Resistivity determines how strongly a material opposes current flow, directly affecting voltage drop and maximum voltage.

Q4: What are typical line losses in DC systems?
A: Line losses typically range from 2-5% of transmitted power, but vary based on system design and requirements.

Q5: Can this formula be used for AC systems?
A: No, this specific formula is designed for 2-wire mid-point earthed DC systems. AC systems require different calculations.