Maximum Voltage using Constant (1-Phase 2-Wire US) Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ V_m = \sqrt{\frac{4 \cdot \rho \cdot (P \cdot L)^2}{K \cdot P_{loss}}} \]

Resistivity (ρ):

Ω·m

Power Transmitted (P):

Length of Underground AC Wire (L):

Constant Underground AC (K):

Line Losses (P_loss):

Maximum Voltage Underground AC (V_m):

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What is Maximum Voltage using Constant (1-Phase 2-Wire US)?

The Maximum Voltage using Constant (1-Phase 2-Wire US) calculation determines the peak voltage in an underground AC electrical system using specific system parameters including resistivity, transmitted power, wire length, system constant, and line losses.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ V_m = \sqrt{\frac{4 \cdot \rho \cdot (P \cdot L)^2}{K \cdot P_{loss}}} \]

Where:

\( V_m \) — Maximum Voltage Underground AC (V)
\( \rho \) — Resistivity (Ω·m)
\( P \) — Power Transmitted (W)
\( L \) — Length of Underground AC Wire (m)
\( K \) — Constant Underground AC
\( P_{loss} \) — Line Losses (W)

Explanation: This formula calculates the maximum voltage by considering the relationship between power transmission, material properties, system dimensions, and energy losses.

3. Importance of Maximum Voltage Calculation

Details: Accurate maximum voltage calculation is crucial for proper electrical system design, ensuring equipment compatibility, maintaining safety standards, and optimizing power transmission efficiency in underground AC systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in appropriate units (resistivity in Ω·m, power in watts, length in meters, constant as dimensionless, losses in watts). All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is resistivity important in voltage calculation?
A: Resistivity determines how strongly the wire material opposes current flow, directly affecting voltage drop and maximum voltage requirements.

Q2: What factors affect the constant value K?
A: The constant depends on system configuration, wire material properties, insulation type, and environmental factors in underground installations.

Q3: How do line losses impact maximum voltage?
A: Higher line losses require higher maximum voltage to maintain the same power transmission level over a given distance.

Q4: When is this calculation most critical?
A: This calculation is essential during system design phase, equipment selection, and when upgrading existing underground AC systems.

Q5: Are there limitations to this formula?
A: The formula assumes uniform conditions and may need adjustments for extreme temperatures, varying soil conditions, or non-standard installation configurations.