1. What is the Molitor-Stevenson Equation?

The Molitor-Stevenson equation estimates wave height based on wind velocity and fetch length. It provides a reliable method for predicting wave characteristics in open water bodies when the fetch length exceeds 20 miles.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Molitor-Stevenson equation:

Where:

• \( h_a \) — Height of Wave (m)
• \( V_w \) — Wind Velocity (m/s)
• \( F \) — Fetch Length (m)

Explanation: The equation demonstrates that wave height increases with both wind velocity and fetch length, following a square root relationship with their product.

3. Importance of Wave Height Calculation

Details: Accurate wave height prediction is crucial for coastal engineering, navigation safety, offshore operations, and understanding coastal erosion patterns.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter wind velocity in m/s and fetch length in meters. Both values must be positive numbers. The equation is specifically valid for fetch lengths greater than 20 miles.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is fetch length in wave mechanics?
A: Fetch length is the uninterrupted distance over which wind blows across a water surface, generating waves.

Q2: Why is this equation limited to fetch > 20 miles?
A: For shorter fetch lengths, wave development is limited by the available distance, requiring different empirical relationships.

Q3: What are typical wave heights in ocean conditions?
A: Wave heights can range from less than 1 meter in calm conditions to over 30 meters in extreme storm conditions.

Q4: How does wind duration affect wave height?
A: For a given wind velocity and fetch, waves continue to grow until they reach equilibrium with the wind, which requires sufficient time duration.

Q5: Are there limitations to this equation?
A: This equation provides an estimate and may not account for complex factors like water depth, wind direction changes, or wave interactions.