Outflow in Third Reservoir Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ Q_n = \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{K^3} \times (\Delta t)^2 \times \exp\left(-\frac{\Delta t}{K}\right) \]

Outflow in the Reservoir (Qn):

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1. What is the Outflow in Third Reservoir Formula?

The Outflow in Third Reservoir formula calculates the amount of water discharged from the third reservoir in a series. It uses exponential decay to model the outflow based on time interval and reservoir characteristics.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ Q_n = \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{K^3} \times (\Delta t)^2 \times \exp\left(-\frac{\Delta t}{K}\right) \]

Where:

\( Q_n \) — Outflow in the reservoir (m³/s)
\( K \) — Constant for the catchment determined by flood hydrograph characteristics
\( \Delta t \) — Time interval (seconds)
\( \exp \) — Exponential function

Explanation: The formula models the outflow using exponential decay, where the outflow decreases exponentially with time based on the reservoir's characteristics.

3. Importance of Outflow Calculation

Details: Accurate outflow calculation is crucial for reservoir management, flood control, water resource planning, and hydraulic engineering design.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter constant K and time interval in seconds. Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does constant K represent?
A: Constant K is a characteristic parameter of the catchment that is determined by flood hydrograph characteristics of the catchment area.

Q2: What is the typical range for time interval?
A: Time interval can vary from seconds to hours depending on the specific reservoir system being analyzed.

Q3: When is this formula typically used?
A: This formula is commonly used in hydraulic engineering for modeling reservoir systems, particularly in flood routing calculations.

Q4: Are there limitations to this equation?
A: The formula assumes certain idealized conditions and may need adjustment for complex reservoir systems or extreme flow conditions.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The accuracy depends on how well the constant K represents the actual catchment characteristics and the appropriateness of the time interval chosen.