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The output resistance of a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) is a measure of how much the collector current changes with variations in the collector-emitter voltage. It represents the transistor's internal resistance when viewed from the output side.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: This formula calculates the output resistance by dividing the sum of supply voltage and collector-emitter voltage by the collector current.
Details: Calculating output resistance is crucial for designing amplifier circuits, determining voltage gain, and analyzing the transistor's performance in various electronic applications.
Tips: Enter supply voltage and collector-emitter voltage in volts, collector current in amperes. All values must be valid (voltages ≥ 0, current > 0).
Q1: What is the typical range of output resistance for BJTs?
A: Output resistance typically ranges from tens of kΩ to several MΩ, depending on the transistor type and operating conditions.
Q2: How does output resistance affect amplifier performance?
A: Higher output resistance generally leads to higher voltage gain in amplifier circuits, but may reduce current driving capability.
Q3: Does temperature affect output resistance?
A: Yes, output resistance can vary with temperature due to changes in carrier mobility and other semiconductor properties.
Q4: What's the difference between small-signal and large-signal output resistance?
A: Small-signal output resistance is calculated around an operating point, while large-signal resistance considers the entire operating range.
Q5: How can output resistance be measured experimentally?
A: Output resistance can be measured by applying small voltage variations at the output and measuring the resulting current changes while keeping input constant.