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The output resistance of a transistor when base current is constant is a measure of how much the collector-emitter voltage changes with respect to changes in collector current. It represents the transistor's internal resistance at the output when operating in the active region with constant base current.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The negative sign indicates that as collector-emitter voltage increases, the collector current decreases, which is characteristic of transistor operation in the active region.
Details: Calculating output resistance is crucial for designing amplifier circuits, determining voltage gain, and analyzing the transistor's performance in various electronic applications.
Tips: Enter collector-emitter voltage in volts and collector current in amperes. Both values must be positive and non-zero for accurate calculation.
Q1: Why is the resistance negative in the formula?
A: The negative sign indicates the inverse relationship between collector-emitter voltage and collector current in transistor operation.
Q2: What is the typical range of output resistance values?
A: Output resistance values typically range from several kΩ to hundreds of kΩ, depending on the transistor type and operating conditions.
Q3: How does base current affect output resistance?
A: With constant base current, the transistor operates in the active region, and output resistance remains relatively constant for small signal analysis.
Q4: Can this calculator be used for all transistor types?
A: This calculator is primarily designed for bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) operating in the active region with constant base current.
Q5: What are the practical applications of output resistance calculation?
A: Output resistance calculation is essential for designing amplifier circuits, impedance matching, and analyzing circuit stability and performance.