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The Plowing Force is the force required to overcome deformation that does not contribute to the chip removal and hence is commonly named plowing force. It represents the additional force required beyond what is needed to actually remove the material chip.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The plowing force is calculated by subtracting the force required to remove the chip from the total resultant cutting force, representing the additional force needed to overcome deformation without contributing to chip removal.
Details: Understanding plowing force is crucial for optimizing machining processes, reducing energy consumption, improving tool life, and achieving better surface finish in metal cutting operations.
Tips: Enter the resultant cutting force and force required to remove chip in Newtons. Both values must be positive numbers with the resultant force being greater than the chip removal force.
Q1: What factors affect plowing force in machining?
A: Tool geometry, cutting speed, feed rate, material properties, and tool wear significantly influence the plowing force during machining operations.
Q2: How does plowing force affect surface finish?
A: Higher plowing forces typically result in poorer surface finish due to increased deformation and rubbing between the tool and workpiece.
Q3: Can plowing force be eliminated in machining?
A: While it cannot be completely eliminated, proper tool selection, optimal cutting parameters, and sharp tools can significantly reduce plowing force.
Q4: How does tool wear affect plowing force?
A: As tools wear, the plowing force increases due to increased friction and deformation at the tool-workpiece interface.
Q5: What are typical values for plowing force?
A: Plowing force values vary widely depending on the material being machined, cutting conditions, and tool geometry, typically ranging from 10% to 40% of the total cutting force.