Power Factor Using Load Current (3 Phase 4 Wire US) Calculator

Power Factor Formula:

\[ PF = \frac{\sqrt{6} \times P}{3 \times V_m \times I} \]

Power Transmitted (P):

Watt

Maximum Voltage Underground AC (Vm):

Volt

Current Underground AC (I):

Ampere

Power Factor (PF):

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What is Power Factor?

The power factor of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the real power absorbed by the load to the apparent power flowing in the circuit. It indicates how effectively electrical power is being used.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Power Factor formula:

\[ PF = \frac{\sqrt{6} \times P}{3 \times V_m \times I} \]

Where:

\( PF \) — Power Factor
\( P \) — Power Transmitted (Watt)
\( V_m \) — Maximum Voltage Underground AC (Volt)
\( I \) — Current Underground AC (Ampere)

Explanation: This formula calculates the power factor for a 3-phase 4-wire underground AC system using the transmitted power, maximum voltage, and current values.

3. Importance of Power Factor Calculation

Details: Power factor calculation is crucial for determining the efficiency of electrical power transmission, optimizing energy usage, and reducing power losses in electrical systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter power transmitted in watts, maximum voltage in volts, and current in amperes. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a good power factor value?
A: A power factor close to 1 (unity) is ideal, indicating efficient power usage. Values below 0.9 typically indicate poor power factor that may need correction.

Q2: Why is power factor important in electrical systems?
A: Poor power factor results in higher current flow, increased energy losses, reduced system capacity, and potential penalties from utility companies.

Q3: How can power factor be improved?
A: Power factor can be improved by adding capacitors (power factor correction), using synchronous condensers, or optimizing motor loads.

Q4: What causes low power factor?
A: Low power factor is typically caused by inductive loads such as motors, transformers, and fluorescent lighting that consume reactive power.

Q5: Does power factor affect electricity bills?
A: Yes, many utility companies charge penalties for low power factor as it increases the current required and strains the electrical distribution system.