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The formula p = h × S calculates the pressure at any point in a liquid at rest, where p is the pressure, h is the pressure head (vertical height above the point), and S is the specific weight of the liquid. This fundamental principle in fluid mechanics helps determine hydrostatic pressure distribution.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The pressure at any point in a static fluid is directly proportional to the depth below the free surface and the specific weight of the fluid.
Details: Accurate pressure calculation is crucial for designing hydraulic systems, dams, pipelines, and understanding fluid behavior in various engineering applications. It helps determine forces on submerged surfaces and ensures structural integrity.
Tips: Enter pressure head in meters and specific weight in N/m³. Both values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the pressure in Pascals (Pa).
Q1: What is pressure head?
A: Pressure head is the height of a liquid column that corresponds to a particular pressure exerted by the liquid column at the base of its container.
Q2: What is specific weight?
A: Specific weight is the weight per unit volume of a material. For liquids, it's typically expressed in N/m³ and represents the force exerted by gravity on a unit volume of the liquid.
Q3: How does this differ from atmospheric pressure?
A: This formula calculates gauge pressure (pressure above atmospheric). To get absolute pressure, you would need to add atmospheric pressure to the calculated value.
Q4: Does this formula work for all liquids?
A: Yes, the formula works for all incompressible fluids at rest. The specific weight value will vary depending on the liquid's density.
Q5: What are typical units for pressure calculation?
A: While Pascals (Pa) are the SI unit, pressure is often expressed in kilopascals (kPa), bars, or psi depending on the application and regional conventions.