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Resistance(Single-Phase Three-Wire OS) Equation:
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The Resistance(Single-Phase Three-Wire OS) equation calculates the electrical resistance of an overhead AC wire based on its material properties and physical dimensions. It is defined as the property of the wire that opposes the flow of current through it.
The calculator uses the resistance equation:
Where:
Explanation: The resistance is directly proportional to the resistivity and length of the wire, and inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the wire.
Details: Accurate resistance calculation is crucial for determining power losses, voltage drops, and overall efficiency in electrical transmission systems. It helps in proper system design and maintenance.
Tips: Enter resistivity in Ohm Meter, length in meters, and area in square meters. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero for accurate calculation.
Q1: What factors affect wire resistance?
A: Resistance is affected by the material's resistivity, the length of the wire, and the cross-sectional area of the wire.
Q2: Why is resistance important in power transmission?
A: Higher resistance leads to greater power losses (I²R losses) and voltage drops in the transmission system, affecting efficiency.
Q3: How does temperature affect resistance?
A: For most conductors, resistance increases with temperature due to increased atomic vibrations that impede electron flow.
Q4: What are typical resistivity values for common conductors?
A: Copper: ~1.68×10⁻⁸ Ω·m, Aluminum: ~2.82×10⁻⁸ Ω·m, Silver: ~1.59×10⁻⁸ Ω·m at 20°C.
Q5: How can resistance be reduced in transmission lines?
A: Resistance can be reduced by using materials with lower resistivity, increasing conductor cross-sectional area, or using multiple parallel conductors.