Resistivity using Area of X-Section(3-Phase 3-Wire OS) Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ \rho = \frac{3 \times A \times (V_m)^2 \times P_{loss} \times (\cos(\Phi))^2}{2 \times L \times (P)^2} \]

Area of Overhead AC Wire (A):

m²

Maximum Voltage Overhead AC (V_m):

Line Losses (P_loss):

Phase Difference (Φ):

rad

Length of Overhead AC Wire (L):

Power Transmitted (P):

Resistivity (ρ):

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1. What is the Resistivity Formula?

The resistivity formula for a 3-phase 3-wire overhead system calculates the electrical resistivity of the wire material based on various electrical parameters. Resistivity is a fundamental property that measures how strongly a material opposes the flow of electric current.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ \rho = \frac{3 \times A \times (V_m)^2 \times P_{loss} \times (\cos(\Phi))^2}{2 \times L \times (P)^2} \]

Where:

\( \rho \) — Resistivity (Ω·m)
\( A \) — Area of Overhead AC Wire (m²)
\( V_m \) — Maximum Voltage Overhead AC (V)
\( P_{loss} \) — Line Losses (W)
\( \Phi \) — Phase Difference (rad)
\( L \) — Length of Overhead AC Wire (m)
\( P \) — Power Transmitted (W)

Explanation: This formula accounts for the relationship between power transmission parameters and the material's inherent resistance to current flow.

3. Importance of Resistivity Calculation

Details: Calculating resistivity is crucial for selecting appropriate materials for power transmission lines, optimizing efficiency, and minimizing energy losses in electrical systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in the specified units. Ensure all inputs are positive values. The phase difference should be entered in radians.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is resistivity and why is it important?
A: Resistivity is a material property that quantifies how strongly it resists electric current. It's important for selecting appropriate materials for electrical applications.

Q2: How does wire area affect resistivity calculations?
A: Larger wire cross-sectional area typically results in lower resistance, but resistivity is an intrinsic property of the material itself.

Q3: What is the typical range of resistivity values for conductors?
A: Good conductors like copper have low resistivity (around 1.68×10⁻⁸ Ω·m), while insulators have very high resistivity values.

Q4: How does temperature affect resistivity?
A: For most conductors, resistivity increases with temperature. This calculator assumes standard temperature conditions.

Q5: Can this formula be used for DC systems?
A: No, this specific formula is designed for 3-phase AC systems. DC systems use different formulas for resistivity calculations.