Resistivity using Load Current (Single-Phase Two-Wire Mid-Point OS) Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ \rho = \frac{P_{loss} \times A}{2 \times I^2 \times L} \]

Line Losses (P_loss):

Watt

Area of Overhead AC Wire (A):

m²

Current Overhead AC (I):

Ampere

Length of Overhead AC Wire (L):

Meter

Resistivity (ρ):

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1. What is the Resistivity Calculation?

The resistivity calculation determines how strongly a material opposes the flow of electric current. It's a fundamental property used in electrical engineering to characterize conductive materials in overhead AC power systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ \rho = \frac{P_{loss} \times A}{2 \times I^2 \times L} \]

Where:

\( \rho \) — Resistivity (Ω·m)
\( P_{loss} \) — Line losses (Watt)
\( A \) — Area of overhead AC wire (m²)
\( I \) — Current overhead AC (Ampere)
\( L \) — Length of overhead AC wire (Meter)

Explanation: This formula calculates the resistivity based on power losses, conductor area, current, and wire length in a single-phase two-wire mid-point overhead system.

3. Importance of Resistivity Calculation

Details: Accurate resistivity calculation is crucial for designing efficient power transmission systems, minimizing energy losses, and selecting appropriate conductor materials for overhead AC lines.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter line losses in watts, wire area in square meters, current in amperes, and wire length in meters. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is resistivity and why is it important?
A: Resistivity measures how strongly a material resists electric current flow. It's important for selecting appropriate conductor materials and designing efficient electrical systems.

Q2: How does wire length affect resistivity calculation?
A: Longer wires have higher resistance, which increases power losses. The formula accounts for length in the denominator to calculate the material's inherent resistivity.

Q3: What are typical resistivity values for common conductors?
A: Copper has about 1.68×10⁻⁸ Ω·m, aluminum has about 2.82×10⁻⁸ Ω·m, and silver has about 1.59×10⁻⁸ Ω·m at 20°C.

Q4: Does temperature affect resistivity?
A: Yes, resistivity generally increases with temperature. This calculation assumes constant temperature conditions.

Q5: Why is the factor of 2 in the denominator?
A: The factor of 2 accounts for the two-wire system where both conductors contribute to the total power losses.