Resistivity Using Resistance Of Natural Wire (2-Phase 3-Wire US) Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ \rho = R \times \sqrt{2} \times \frac{A}{L} \]

Resistance Underground AC (R):

Ohm

Area of Underground AC Wire (A):

m²

Length of Underground AC Wire (L):

Resistivity (ρ):

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1. What is the Resistivity Formula?

The resistivity formula calculates the electrical resistivity of a material based on its resistance, cross-sectional area, and length. For underground AC systems (2-Phase 3-Wire US), the formula includes a √2 factor to account for the specific configuration.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ \rho = R \times \sqrt{2} \times \frac{A}{L} \]

Where:

\( \rho \) — Resistivity (Ω·m)
\( R \) — Resistance Underground AC (Ω)
\( A \) — Area of Underground AC Wire (m²)
\( L \) — Length of Underground AC Wire (m)

Explanation: The formula accounts for the specific configuration of 2-Phase 3-Wire US underground AC systems, where the √2 factor is necessary for accurate resistivity calculation.

3. Importance of Resistivity Calculation

Details: Accurate resistivity calculation is crucial for designing electrical systems, selecting appropriate materials, and ensuring efficient power transmission in underground AC applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter resistance in ohms, area in square meters, and length in meters. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is there a √2 factor in the formula?
A: The √2 factor accounts for the specific configuration of 2-Phase 3-Wire US underground AC systems, ensuring accurate resistivity calculation for this particular setup.

Q2: What are typical resistivity values for common materials?
A: Copper has resistivity around 1.68×10⁻⁸ Ω·m, aluminum about 2.82×10⁻⁸ Ω·m, and steel varies from 1.0×10⁻⁷ to 6.9×10⁻⁷ Ω·m depending on composition.

Q3: How does temperature affect resistivity?
A: Resistivity generally increases with temperature for most conductors, following the formula ρ = ρ₀[1 + α(T - T₀)], where α is the temperature coefficient.

Q4: When should this specific formula be used?
A: This formula is specifically designed for calculating resistivity in 2-Phase 3-Wire US underground AC wire systems and should not be used for other configurations.

Q5: Are there limitations to this calculation?
A: The calculation assumes uniform material properties and may not account for factors like skin effect, proximity effect, or temperature variations along the wire length.