Resistivity Using Volume Of Conductor Material (2 Phase 3 Wire US) Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ \rho = \frac{V \times P_{loss} \times (V_m \times \cos(\Phi))^2}{((2 + \sqrt{2}) \times P \times L)^2} \]

Volume Of Conductor:

m³

Line Losses:

Maximum Voltage Underground AC:

Phase Difference:

rad

Power Transmitted:

Length of Underground AC Wire:

Resistivity:

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1. What is Resistivity Calculation?

Resistivity calculation determines how strongly a material opposes the flow of electric current. It's a fundamental property used in electrical engineering to select appropriate materials for conductors and insulators in underground AC systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ \rho = \frac{V \times P_{loss} \times (V_m \times \cos(\Phi))^2}{((2 + \sqrt{2}) \times P \times L)^2} \]

Where:

\( \rho \) — Resistivity (Ω·m)
\( V \) — Volume Of Conductor (m³)
\( P_{loss} \) — Line Losses (W)
\( V_m \) — Maximum Voltage Underground AC (V)
\( \Phi \) — Phase Difference (rad)
\( P \) — Power Transmitted (W)
\( L \) — Length of Underground AC Wire (m)

Explanation: This formula calculates the resistivity of conductor material based on the volume of conductor, line losses, maximum voltage, phase difference, transmitted power, and wire length in a 2-phase 3-wire underground AC system.

3. Importance of Resistivity Calculation

Details: Accurate resistivity calculation is crucial for designing efficient electrical systems, minimizing power losses, selecting appropriate conductor materials, and ensuring system reliability in underground AC installations.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in their respective units. Ensure volume, losses, voltage, power, and length are positive values. Phase difference should be in radians (0 to 2π range).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the typical resistivity range for conductor materials?
A: Good conductors like copper have resistivity around 1.68×10⁻⁸ Ω·m, while aluminum is about 2.82×10⁻⁸ Ω·m at 20°C.

Q2: How does temperature affect resistivity?
A: Resistivity generally increases with temperature for conductors. The relationship is approximately linear: ρ = ρ₀[1 + α(T - T₀)].

Q3: Why is the 2+√(2) factor used in the formula?
A: This factor accounts for the specific configuration and phase relationships in a 2-phase 3-wire underground AC system.

Q4: What are common applications of this calculation?
A: Used in designing underground power distribution systems, selecting appropriate cable sizes, and optimizing electrical infrastructure.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation method?
A: The calculation provides theoretical values based on ideal conditions. Actual resistivity may vary due to material impurities, temperature variations, and manufacturing processes.