River Stream Flow Rate Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ Q_{stream} = \frac{(C_s \times Q_s) - (C \times Q_s)}{C - C_R} \]

Sewage Concentration (Cs):

mg/L

Sewage Discharge (Qs):

m³/s

Mixing Concentration (C):

mg/L

River Concentration (CR):

mg/L

Discharge in Stream (Qstream):

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What Is The River Stream Flow Rate Calculation?

The River Stream Flow Rate calculation determines the volumetric flow rate of water in a river stream when sewage is discharged into it, based on concentration differences before and after mixing.

2. How Does The Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ Q_{stream} = \frac{(C_s \times Q_s) - (C \times Q_s)}{C - C_R} \]

Where:

\( Q_{stream} \) — Discharge in Stream (m³/s)
\( C_s \) — Sewage Concentration (mg/L)
\( Q_s \) — Sewage Discharge (m³/s)
\( C \) — Mixing Concentration (mg/L)
\( C_R \) — River Concentration (mg/L)

Explanation: This formula calculates the river stream flow rate based on mass balance principles, accounting for the dilution effect when sewage mixes with river water.

3. Importance Of Stream Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate stream flow rate calculation is essential for environmental impact assessments, wastewater management, pollution control, and maintaining ecological balance in river systems.

4. Using The Calculator

Tips: Enter all concentration values in mg/L, discharge values in m³/s. Ensure Mixing Concentration and River Concentration are not equal to avoid division by zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What units should be used for input values?
A: Concentrations should be in mg/L and discharge rates in m³/s for consistent results.

Q2: Why can't Mixing Concentration equal River Concentration?
A: When C = CR, the denominator becomes zero, making the calculation mathematically undefined as there would be no concentration gradient.

Q3: What is a typical range for river stream flow rates?
A: River flow rates vary significantly from less than 1 m³/s for small streams to over 1000 m³/s for major rivers.

Q4: How accurate is this calculation method?
A: This method provides a reasonable estimate based on mass balance principles, but actual field conditions may vary due to incomplete mixing and other factors.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for other pollutants?
A: Yes, the same formula can be applied to various water quality parameters (BOD, DO, nutrients) as long as consistent units are maintained.