Settling Velocity For Turbulent Settling Calculator

Settling Velocity for Turbulent Settling Formula:

\[ V_{st} = 1.8 \times \sqrt{g \times (G - 1) \times D_p} \]

Settling Velocity for Turbulent Settling (Vst):

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1. What is Settling Velocity for Turbulent Settling?

Settling Velocity for Turbulent Settling is the rate at which a particle falls through a fluid under the influence of gravity in conditions where the fluid flow around the particle is turbulent. It is an important parameter in sediment transport and water treatment processes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Settling Velocity for Turbulent Settling formula:

\[ V_{st} = 1.8 \times \sqrt{g \times (G - 1) \times D_p} \]

Where:

\( V_{st} \) — Settling Velocity for Turbulent Settling (m/s)
\( g \) — Acceleration due to Gravity (m/s²)
\( G \) — Specific Gravity of Sediment
\( D_p \) — Diameter of Particle (m)

Explanation: The formula calculates the terminal settling velocity of particles in turbulent flow conditions, accounting for gravitational acceleration, particle density relative to water, and particle size.

3. Importance of Settling Velocity Calculation

Details: Accurate calculation of settling velocity is crucial for designing sedimentation basins, predicting sediment transport in rivers and oceans, and optimizing water treatment processes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter acceleration due to gravity (typically 9.8 m/s²), specific gravity of sediment (ratio > 1), and particle diameter in meters. All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the difference between laminar and turbulent settling?
A: Laminar settling occurs when fluid flow around the particle is smooth and orderly, while turbulent settling occurs when the flow is chaotic and irregular, typically for larger particles or higher flow velocities.

Q2: When is turbulent settling applicable?
A: Turbulent settling applies to larger particles (typically > 0.1 mm) and higher Reynolds numbers where the flow around the particle becomes turbulent.

Q3: What are typical values for specific gravity of sediment?
A: For most natural sediments, specific gravity ranges from 2.5 to 2.7 (quartz sand is about 2.65).

Q4: How does particle shape affect settling velocity?
A: This formula assumes spherical particles. Non-spherical particles typically settle slower due to increased drag.

Q5: What are the limitations of this formula?
A: The formula assumes ideal conditions and may not account for particle interactions, non-spherical shapes, or variations in fluid properties.