1. What is Settling Velocity?

Settling Velocity is defined as the terminal velocity of a particle in still fluid. It represents the constant speed that a particle reaches when the gravitational force pulling it downward is balanced by the drag force and buoyancy acting upward.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the settling velocity formula:

Where:

• \( v_s \) — Settling Velocity (m/s)
• \( Q_s \) — Discharge entering Basin (m³/s)
• \( w \) — Width of the basin (m)
• \( L \) — Length of the basin (m)

Explanation: This formula calculates the settling velocity by dividing the volumetric flow rate (discharge) by the cross-sectional area of the basin.

3. Importance of Settling Velocity Calculation

Details: Settling velocity is crucial in sedimentation basin design, wastewater treatment, and environmental engineering. It helps determine the efficiency of particle removal and the required dimensions for sedimentation tanks.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter discharge in m³/s, width in meters, and length in meters. All values must be valid positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What factors affect settling velocity?
A: Settling velocity is affected by particle size, density, fluid viscosity, and fluid density.

Q2: How is this formula used in practice?
A: This formula is commonly used in the design of sedimentation basins and clarifiers in water and wastewater treatment plants.

Q3: What are typical settling velocity values?
A: Settling velocities vary widely depending on particle characteristics, ranging from 0.001 m/s for fine silt to 0.1 m/s for coarse sand.

Q4: Are there limitations to this equation?
A: This simplified formula assumes uniform flow distribution and doesn't account for factors like turbulence, particle interactions, or non-ideal conditions.

Q5: How does temperature affect settling velocity?
A: Temperature affects fluid viscosity and density, which in turn influence the settling velocity of particles.