Settling Velocity Given Particle Reynold's Number Calculator

Settling Velocity Formula:

\[ V_s = \frac{\mu_{viscosity} \times Re}{\rho_{liquid} \times D} \]

Dynamic Viscosity D:

Pa·s

Reynolds Number:

Liquid Density:

kg/m³

Diameter:

Settling Velocity (Vₛ):

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1. What is Settling Velocity?

Settling velocity refers to the terminal velocity of a particle in still fluid. It is the constant speed that a particle eventually reaches when the resistance of the fluid equals the force of gravity acting on the particle.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the settling velocity formula:

\[ V_s = \frac{\mu_{viscosity} \times Re}{\rho_{liquid} \times D} \]

Where:

\( V_s \) — Settling Velocity (m/s)
\( \mu_{viscosity} \) — Dynamic Viscosity (Pa·s)
\( Re \) — Reynolds Number (-)
\( \rho_{liquid} \) — Liquid Density (kg/m³)
\( D \) — Diameter (m)

Explanation: This formula calculates the settling velocity of a particle based on fluid properties and particle characteristics, using the Reynolds number to account for flow regime.

3. Importance of Settling Velocity Calculation

Details: Settling velocity calculations are crucial in various engineering applications including sedimentation processes, water treatment, particle separation, and environmental studies of particulate matter transport.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter dynamic viscosity in Pa·s, Reynolds number (dimensionless), liquid density in kg/m³, and diameter in meters. All values must be positive and valid.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the significance of Reynolds number in settling velocity?
A: Reynolds number determines the flow regime around the particle (laminar or turbulent), which affects the drag coefficient and thus the settling velocity.

Q2: How does particle shape affect settling velocity?
A: Non-spherical particles generally have lower settling velocities due to increased drag. The formula assumes spherical particles for simplicity.

Q3: What are typical settling velocity ranges?
A: Settling velocities vary widely from micrometers per second for fine clay particles to meters per second for large gravel in water.

Q4: When is this formula most accurate?
A: This formulation is most accurate for spherical particles in Newtonian fluids under steady-state conditions.

Q5: How does temperature affect settling velocity?
A: Temperature affects fluid viscosity and density, which in turn influence the settling velocity. Warmer temperatures typically reduce viscosity and can increase settling velocity.