Settling Velocity Of Spherical Particle Calculator

Settling Velocity Formula:

\[ V_{sp} = \frac{g}{18} \times (G - 1) \times \frac{D_p^2}{\nu} \]

Acceleration due to Gravity (g):

m/s²

Specific Gravity of Sediment (G):

Diameter of Particle (Dp):

Kinematic Viscosity (ν):

m²/s

Settling Velocity of Spherical Particle (Vsp):

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1. What is Settling Velocity of Spherical Particle?

The Settling Velocity of a Spherical Particle is the constant speed at which a spherical particle falls through a fluid under the influence of gravity. This is an important parameter in fluid mechanics and sedimentation processes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Stokes' law formula:

\[ V_{sp} = \frac{g}{18} \times (G - 1) \times \frac{D_p^2}{\nu} \]

Where:

\( V_{sp} \) — Settling velocity of spherical particle (m/s)
\( g \) — Acceleration due to gravity (m/s²)
\( G \) — Specific gravity of sediment
\( D_p \) — Diameter of particle (m)
\( \nu \) — Kinematic viscosity (m²/s)

Explanation: The formula calculates the terminal velocity of a spherical particle settling in a fluid, considering gravitational force, particle properties, and fluid viscosity.

3. Importance of Settling Velocity Calculation

Details: Calculating settling velocity is crucial for designing sedimentation tanks, understanding particle transport in fluids, and analyzing environmental processes like soil erosion and water treatment.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter acceleration due to gravity (typically 9.8 m/s²), specific gravity of sediment, particle diameter in meters, and kinematic viscosity in m²/s. All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the range of validity for this formula?
A: This formula is valid for small spherical particles in laminar flow conditions (low Reynolds numbers).

Q2: How does particle shape affect settling velocity?
A: Non-spherical particles have different drag coefficients and typically settle slower than spherical particles of the same volume.

Q3: What factors influence kinematic viscosity?
A: Kinematic viscosity depends on fluid temperature and composition, decreasing with increasing temperature for most fluids.

Q4: When is this formula not applicable?
A: The formula may not be accurate for large particles, high velocities, or non-Newtonian fluids where turbulent flow conditions prevail.

Q5: How can I measure specific gravity of sediment?
A: Specific gravity can be measured using pycnometer methods or calculated from the density ratio of sediment particles to water.